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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2025-01-17
Materials and methods Results Discussion Several major signaling and developmental pathways (e.g. EGFR, ALK, KRAS, TGFβ, Notch and Wnt/β-catenin) have been shown to be involved in lung carcinogenesis and they are being exploited as targets of the non-small cell lung cancer therapy (for revi
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Cinobufagin The decreased AR mediated response has been attr
2025-01-17
The decreased βAR-mediated response has been attributed to different mechanisms, including an attenuation of PKA activation, an impaired generation of cyclic AMP, a reduced receptor density, and a less efficient coupling to adenylyl-cyclase [10]. However, currently there is no single molecular or ce
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The central problem in amnesia developing following impairme
2025-01-17
The central problem in amnesia developing following impairment of long-term memory consolidation or reconsolidation is a question of the underlying mechanisms, whether it is caused by impairment of retrieval or memory storage mechanisms [3,8,9,[15], [16], [17], [18]]. To answer this question, severa
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Adenosine receptors are proposed to play proangiogenic role
2025-01-17
Adenosine receptors are proposed to play proangiogenic role in vascular and immune cariprazine brand name within microenvironment of hypoxic tissues to maintain tissue oxygenation in chronic ischemic condition [9]. Adenosine also stimulates the production of angiopoetin-1, VEGF and Interleukin-6 (I
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Since the cloning of ARs in the
2025-01-17
Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning of the 1990s, the efforts to characterize them have led to the accumulation of a substantial amount of experimental data. Decades of site-directed mutagenesis (SDM; Box 1) studies, in combination with pharmacological data and computational modeling, have pav
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br Results and discussion The classical radiochemical adenos
2025-01-17
Results and discussion The classical radiochemical adenosine kinase assays developed to monitor AdK activity utilize [3H]adenosine or [14C]adenosine, respectively. The assays are terminated by spotting the incubation mixture onto diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) anion exchange filter disks or onto a poly
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br Introduction Adenosine deaminase ADA also known as adenos
2025-01-17
Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA), also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, is a key enzyme involved in the purine metabolism that converts adenosine to inosine irreversibly (Lupidi et al., 1997). It is a zinc containing metalloenzyme present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans ADA
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In order to investigate their effects in vitro therefore
2025-01-17
In order to investigate their effects in vitro, therefore, we first used TE671 cells, which have provided a useful source of human AChR for in vitro and radioimmunoassay studies. We found no marked effect of either MuSK-MG or SNMG sera on AChR numbers or on AChR subunit expression. This appears to c
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br Improvement of endothelial function The vascular endothel
2025-01-17
Improvement of endothelial function The vascular endothelium is a single layer of fructose 1 6 bisphosphatase that lines the inner surface of all blood vessels and the heart. In addition to function as a selective barrier to prevent the diffusion of macromolecules from the blood lumen to the inte
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2025-01-17
Materials and methods Results Discussion We have developed a high-throughput functional genomic screen that allows the identification of genes that confer drug resistance. Several factors have been identified which must be taken into account to develop a reliable screen. In particular, cons
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The take home message here is that
2025-01-17
The take-home message here is that, although Aurora A phosphorylated on T288 is the activated isoform of Aurora A, measuring the level of phosphorylation of T288 does not reflect Aurora A kinase activity (Figure 5). What would be the most appropriate readout for an in vivo Aurora A kinase activity
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It has been shown that ACLY
2025-01-17
It has been shown that ACLY is localized to not only the cytoplasm but also the nucleus. Nuclear ACLY may supply acetyl-CoA for histone acetylation, leading to global regulation of the gene expression [16], [18]. We previously reported that AZ2 is also localized to both the cytoplasm and nucleus whe
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AP activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes
2025-01-17
AP-1 activation is known to upregulate downstream target genes including Capecitabine D1, c-myc, Bcl-xl, MMP-9, EGFR, and specific miRNAs that are involved in progression and metastasis of tumors. Moreover, matrix metalloproteinase-2 has been shown as a downstream gene of AP-1, triggered by 15-HETE
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br Conclusions br Author declaration br Acknowledgements br
2025-01-17
Conclusions Author declaration Acknowledgements Introduction ASK1 scaffolding proteins ASK1 adaptor proteins Conclusions Scaffolding and adaptor proteins can coordinate the specific activation of a MAP3K-MAP2K-MAPK pathway in response to various stimuli. For example, both lobeli
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Beside estrogen several classes of compounds have
2025-01-17
Beside estrogen, several Bisindolylmaleimide IV of compounds have shown significant neuroprotective efficacy when administered shortly after the induction of animal models of stroke, including glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and zinc chelators [25], [26], [27]. Effects of these or other neuro