• Another question concerns the mechanism of

  2019-07-31

  

  Another question concerns the mechanism of PC reduction during the phosphate starvation response. There are at least three main mechanisms of PC depletion: suppression of PC synthesis due to substrate exhaustion, downregulation of PC synthase expression by suppression of gene transcription or intens

• Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr

  2019-07-31

  

  Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. Vladimir Poltoratsky and Zhihui Xiao for their help with the in vitro FRET assay. Support for this research was provided by Saint John’s University. Introduction We predicted the existence of endothelium-derived contractile factors (EDCFs) in 1982 [1]. In 1

• The intimate interactions between flavonoids and

  2019-07-31

  

  The intimate interactions between flavonoids and ERα have been more extensively studied than their ERβ interactions because of the dominant role of ERα in some important diseases (Ye et al., 2018) including breast cancer (more than 80% of human breast cancers are ERα positive) (Turner et al., 2015),

• Studies using SERPINB deficient mice established the signifi

  2019-07-31

  

  Studies using SERPINB1-deficient mice established the significant role for SERPINB1 in protecting lung antimicrobial proteins from proteolysis during microbe infection and its regulatory role in sustaining the balance of neutrophil reserve [15]. Neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) (elastase, cathepsi

• Introduction Excessive exposure to ultraviolet

  2019-07-31

  

  Introduction Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation from the sun injures human skin, which might lead to premature aging and skin pathologies [1], [2]. Chronic exposure to UV (especially ultraviolet-B, UVB) irradiation could profoundly affect the skin epidermis, interfering with the ker

• br Results and Discussion br

  2019-07-31

  

  Results and Discussion Conclusions Understanding the connections between function and fitness is a primary goal of many biological disciplines including systems biology and molecular evolution. While sound approaches have been developed to understand the connections between function and fitnes

• br Authors contribution br Disclosure statement br Acknowled

  2019-07-31

  

  Authors contribution Disclosure statement Acknowledgements This study has received funding from the Italian Ministry of University and Research (PRIN 2015, grant number 2015373Z39_008) and from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 115797 (INNODIA)

• All of these experiments in GM matter

  2019-07-30

  

  All of these experiments in GM matter injury models have identified an array of signaling mechanisms that are potentially important. First, Kim et al. proposed that CK2 acts as a negative modulator of NADPH oxidase [55]. Then Blanquet et al. [50] found that increased CK2 correlated with inhibition o

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2019-07-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Adiponectin is one of the most studied adipocytokines. Its release from adipocytes is down-regulated in obesity and other adverse metabolic conditions leading to decreased serum concentrations (Turer and Scherer, 2012). Several factors and conditions

• br Introduction The development of

  2019-07-30

  

  Introduction The development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a complex process characterized by the acquisition of altered proliferation and invasiveness. These changes are classically defined as occurring in stages, i.e., initiation, promotion, and progression. In the two-stage model of in

• br A major physiological action of ET is

  2019-07-30

  

  A major physiological action of ET-1 is to function as one of the most powerful vasoconstrictors of human blood vessels. As such, ET-1 plays a major role in regulating vascular function in all organ systems, including the kidney (Fig. 1). As in other vessels, ET-1 is thought to be released from en

• br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow

  2019-07-30

  

  Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments We acknowledge Géraldine Le Goff and Mathieu Canales for blood sampling, Cécile Gameiro and Jean-Pierre Aubry for flow cytometry technical assistance, Giuseppe Pantaleo for support, and Britta Engelhardt, Gisella Puga-Young, Nicol

• Most of the data indicating that the six ankyrin

  2019-07-30

  

  Most of the data indicating that the six-ankyrin repeat domain-containing Asb genes drive compartment expansion come from zebrafish and concern Asb11. However, there is evidence to suggest that these data can be expanded to the entire vertebrate phylum and to all six-ankyrin repeat domain-containing

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2019-07-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our results based on the Y2H analysis between the U-box-motif region of E3s and the UBC domain of E2s showed that, among 40 rice E2s, 11 E2s accounted for 70% of the interactions with 17 ARM-U-box E3 Ub-ligases (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). These 11 E2s belong t

• br E Ubiquitin Ligases Regulate Central and

  2019-07-30

  

  E3 Ubiquitin Ligases Regulate Central and Peripheral T Cell Tolerance During the random process of somatic recombination, T cell receptors (TCRs; see Glossary) that recognize self-antigens are commonly generated. Notably, meticulously precise filtering mechanisms, termed tolerance, are necessary

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